Dentistry usually endeavours to prevent tooth extraction by focusing on reconstructing the teeth, thus reducing the need for surgery. However, surgical intervention may be necessary in some cases.

There are distinct differences between oral surgeons and maxillofacial surgeons. Oral surgeons usually deal with intraoral procedures such as tooth extraction, while maxillofacial surgeons specialise in a wide range of head and neck surgery. Maxillofacial surgeons usually take an additional four or five years of specialised training to provide a wider range of services.

Some clinics, such as Nova Dent Clinic, are one of the few centres in Turkey to offer dental treatment under general anaesthesia. General anaesthesia may be preferred when multiple procedures are required in one session, such as facial and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontic surgery and wisdom teeth extraction. In addition, patients with physical or mental disabilities who cannot receive treatment under local anaesthesia may also require general anaesthesia.